Anke Huber was born in Bruchsal, in Baden-Württemberg, on 4 December 1974 and started playing at seven, introduced to the game by her father Edgar. She won German titles at under-12, under-14 and under-16 level between 1986 and 1988 and the European junior championship in 1989, and in 1990 she reached the Wimbledon junior semifinals. That same year she made her Grand Slam debut at the Australian Open, reaching the third round, played her first Fed Cup ties for Germany and finished the season ranked No. 34.
In 1992 she helped Germany win the Fed Cup, and the final against Spain was decided by her win over Conchita Martínez. She played at the Barcelona Olympics that summer, reaching the quarterfinals, and again in Atlanta in 1996.
Her biggest results came in 1995 and 1996. At the 1995 WTA Tour Championships she reached the final and took Steffi Graf to five sets, losing 1–6, 6–2, 1–6, 6–4, 3–6. In January 1996 she reached her only Grand Slam final at the Australian Open, losing to Monica Seles 6–4, 6–1. On 14 October 1996 she rose to world No. 4, her career high.
Huber won 12 WTA singles titles, two ITF titles and one WTA doubles title, and she played Fed Cup for Germany until 2001. She had planned to stop after the 2002 Australian Open but changed her mind once she had qualified for the 2001 Sanex Championships in Germany. Citing a persistent ankle injury and the wish for a "normal life", she played her last match on 31 October 2001, a 6–1, 6–2 loss to Justine Henin. In 2002 she joined the German Tennis Federation and became co-tournament director of the Porsche Tennis Grand Prix in Filderstadt.